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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is a common condition that typically involves getting stuck in loops of obsessions (thoughts) and compulsions (behaviors). This can be very debilitating, because it's a self-reinforcing feedback loop; in other words, it tends to get worse and worse.
The most common obsessions center on topics like cleanliness ("are my hands clean?"), morality ("am I a bad person?"), responsibility ("did I leave the stove on?"), things being perfectly symmetrical or orderly, or extreme questioning of things like one's relationship or life choices. Some experience intrusive thoughts, such as unwanted thoughts about harming themselves, people they love, or animals.
After a triggering obsessive thought, the next step in OCD is a compulsive behavior. Examples include handwashing, checking that the doors are locked, making things orderly, seeking reassurance, extreme counting. Sometimes these are external and visible to those nearby, and other times this behavior is completely internal and mental.
If you think you may have OCD, the good news is that it is possible to learn to manage it effectively. I primarily use Exposure and Response Prevention when treating OCD, because it is a first-line treatment (the "gold standard"). On a case-by-case basis, I also incorporate elements of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and a newer treatment protocol called Rumination-Focused ERP.